Caesarean section may be necessary when vaginal delivery might pose a risk to the mother or baby – for example due to prolonged labour, foetal distress, or because the baby is presenting in an abnormal position.
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但剖宫产可能引起严重的并发症、残疾或死亡，尤其是在缺少设施进行安全的手术或处理潜在并发症的环境中。
However, caesarean sections can cause significant complications, disability or death, particularly in settings that lack the facilities to conduct safe surgeries or treat potential complications.
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理想的剖宫产率
Idealrate for caesarean sections
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1985年以来，国际医疗界一直认为“理想的”剖宫产率是10%至15%。
Since 1985, the international healthcare community has considered the “ideal rate” for caesarean sections to be between 10% and 15%.
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新的研究揭示，当人口的剖宫产率升至10%时，产妇和新生儿的死亡人数将减少。
New studies reveal that when caesarean section rates rise towards 10% across a population, the number of maternal and newborn deaths decreases.
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但是当其超过10%时，则没有证据表明死亡率会有所下降。
But when the rate goes above 10%, there is no evidence that mortality rates improve.
“ These conclusions highlight the value of caesarean section in saving the lives of mothers and newborns ,” says Dr Marleen Temmerman, Director of WHO’s Department of Reproductive Health and Research.
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“它们还说明，重要的是确保向有需要的妇女提供剖宫产，而不是一味关注实现任何特定的剖宫产率。”
“They also illustrate how important it is to ensure a caesarean section is provided to the women in need - and to not just focus on achieving any specific rate.”
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在人口中，剖宫产率对产妇和新生儿结果的影响，如对死产或出生窒息等的发生率的影响仍然不得而知。
Across a population, the effects of caesarean section rates on maternal and newborn outcomes such as stillbirths or morbidities like birth asphyxia are still unknown.
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关于剖宫产对妇女心理和社会福祉的影响，仍需进行更多的研究。
More research on the impact of caesarean section on women’s psychological and social well-being is still needed.