Quitting smoking can reduce the risk of lung cancer: after 10 years of quitting smoking, risk of lung cancer falls to about half that of a smoker.
12062
慢性呼吸道疾病 :吸烟是慢性阻塞性肺病的主要原因,患者肺中积聚脓液导致咳嗽和呼吸困难。
Chronic respiratory disease: Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a condition where the build-up of pus-filled mucus in the lungs results in a painful cough and agonizing breathing difficulties.
12063
年轻时就开始吸烟和接触二手烟的人患慢性阻塞性肺病的风险尤其高,因为吸烟显著减缓肺器官发育。
The risk of developing COPD is particularly high among individuals who start smoking at a young age, and those exposed to second-hand smoke, as tobacco smoke significantly slows lung development.
12064
烟草还加剧哮喘,从而限制活动并导致残疾。
Tobacco also exacerbates asthma, which restricts activity and contributes to disability.
12065
及早戒烟是减缓慢性阻塞性肺病进展和改善哮喘症状的最有效治疗方法。
Early smoking cessation is the most effective treatment for slowing the progression of COPD and improving asthma symptoms.
Across the life-course: Infants exposed in-utero to tobacco smoke toxins, through maternal smoking or maternal exposure to second-hand smoke, frequently experience reduced lung growth and function.
12067
接触二手烟的幼儿面临哮喘、肺炎和支气管炎发病和恶化以及经常发生下呼吸道感染的风险。
Young children exposed to second-hand smoke are at risk of the onset and exacerbation of asthma, pneumonia and bronchitis, and frequent lower respiratory infections.
12068
吸烟者应确保不在婴幼儿在场的情况下吸烟。
Smokers should ensure they never smoke in the presence of an infant or young child.
12069
结核病 :结核病损害肺,降低肺功能,而吸烟又会进一步加重这种情况。
Tuberculosis.
12070
世界上大约四分之一人口患有潜伏性结核病,并面临着出现活动性结核病风险。
Tuberculosis (TB) damages the lungs and reduces lung function, which is further exacerbated by tobacco smoking.