The report reveals that in 2020, 64% of focus countries (countries with a high burden of HIV infection) had national action plans to prevent, monitor and respond to HIV drug resistance.
12942
这些计划是以世卫组织协调并发布的《2017-2021年艾滋病毒耐药性全球行动计划》为参考制定的。
These plans are informed by the Global Action Plan on HIV drug resistance 2017–2021, a multi-stakeholder plan coordinated and published by WHO.
WHO encourages countries to monitor resistance and recommends that for people starting antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) called pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR).
WHO recommends that when PDR to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) such as nevirapine and efavirenz reaches a threshold of 10% for a surveyed country, then the first-line HIV treatment should be urgently changed to a more robust dolutegravir-containing regimen.
This report indicates that an increasing number of countries are reaching the 10% threshold of PDR HIV drug resistance to NNRTI and people who have had previous exposure to antiretroviral drugs are three times more likely to demonstrate resistance to the NNRTI drug class.
These findings emphasize the need to accelerate the transition to dolutegravir-containing regimens in countries that continue to use NNRTI-based antiretroviral therapy.
Based on the most recent findings from surveys conducted in 10 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, nearly half of infants newly diagnosed with HIV carry drug-resistant HIV before initiating treatment.
These findings highlight the need to accelerate the ongoing transition and importance of using dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy in young children as early as possible.
12949
自2019年以来，世卫组织已建议使用多替拉韦作为针对所有人群的首选一线和二线治疗药物。
Since 2019, WHO has recommended use of dolutegravir as the preferred first-and second-line of treatment for all population groups.
12950
与目前使用的其他药物相比，它更加有效，更容易服用，副作用更少。
It is more effective, easier to take, and has fewer side effects than other drugs currently in use.