There is sound evidence that the Temporary Recommendations have been an important factor in reducing the risk of international spread since 2014 [1],[2].
Based on the current situation regarding WPV1 and cVDPV, and the reports provided by Afghanistan, DR Congo, Nigeria, Niger, Papua New Guinea and Somalia, the Director-General accepted the Committee’s assessment and on 27 November 2018 determined that the situation relating to poliovirus continues to constitute a PHEIC, with respect to WPV1 and cVDPV.
The Director-General endorsed the Committee’s recommendations for countries meeting the definition for ‘States infected with WPV1, cVDPV1 or cVDPV3 with potential risk for international spread’, ‘States infected with cVDPV2 with potential risk for international spread’ and for ‘States no longer infected by WPV1 or cVDPV, but which remain vulnerable to re-infection by WPV or cVDPV’ and extended the Temporary Recommendations under the IHR to reduce the risk of the international spread of poliovirus, effective 27 November 2018.
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[1] Wilder-Smith A, Leong WY, Lopez LF, et al. Potential for international spread of wild poliovirus via travelers. BMC Med 2015;
[1] Wilder-Smith A, Leong WY, Lopez LF, et al.
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13: 133.
Potential for international spread of wild poliovirus via travelers.
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[2] Duintjer Tebbens RJ, Thompson KM. Modeling the costs and benefits of temporary recommendations for poliovirus exporting countries to vaccinate international travelers. Vaccine 2017;
[2] Duintjer Tebbens RJ, Thompson KM.
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35(31): 3823-33
Modeling the costs and benefits of temporary recommendations for poliovirus exporting countries to vaccinate international travelers.
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长达一百天的战争使乌克兰卫生系统面临巨大压力
One hundred days of war has put Ukraine’s health system under severe pressure
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2022年6月3日 | 新闻稿
3 June 2022 | News release
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经过一百天的战争，乌克兰卫生系统面临巨大压力。
After 100 days of war, Ukraine’s health system is under severe pressure and the World Health Organization (WHO) has increased its presence, both in Ukraine and in those countries hosting displaced Ukrainians, to help meet the escalating health needs.