In a discreet corner of the Mwananyamala District Hospital grounds, in the United Republic of Tanzania’s largest city Dar es Salaam, a group of young people queue outside a small window for their daily dose of methadone.
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在园区的一个僻静角落，一群年轻人正在一个小窗口外排队，领取他们每日剂量的美沙酮。
Others are taking refuge from the intense heat in the few shady spots available in the dusty yard behind the low building housing the clinic.
In recent years, Dar es Salaam has seen an increase in illicit drug use, particularly heroin, as the large port city has become a pit stop for smugglers en route from Afghanistan to Europe and the rest of Africa.
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所售的海洛因质量虽差，但价格便宜，甚至低到一剂1美元。
The heroin sold is poor quality but is cheaply available, with one dose costing as little as 1 US dollar.
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对海洛因使用者的最有效疗法
The most effective therapy for heroin users
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达累斯萨拉姆目前有两所医院利用美沙酮治疗麻醉品成瘾，Mwananyamala区医院是其中的一所。
Mwananyamala is 1 of 2 hospitals in Dar es Salaam that now make methadone available as treatment for addiction.
Methadone maintenance treatment is regarded by WHO as the most effective therapy for heroin users, and methadone was added to WHO’s model essential medicines list in 2005.
In combination with psychosocial support, it can help to reduce addiction to opioids such as heroin, prevent infection with HIV and other diseases transmitted by sharing needles, and reduce the criminal behaviour that often accompanies illicit drug use.
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美沙酮方案——世界卫生组织简报 - 英文
The methadone fix – Bulletin of the World Health Organization