“This comprehensive new guidance provides a strong argument for a much faster transition from mental health services that use coercion and focus almost exclusively on the use of medication to manage symptoms of mental health conditions, to a more holistic approach that takes into account the specific circumstances and wishes of the individual and offers a variety of approaches for treatment and support,” said Dr Michelle Funk of the Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, who led the development of the guidance.
Since the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in 2006, an increasing number of countries have sought to reform their laws, policies and services related to mental health care.
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然而，迄今为止，很少有国家为实现国际人权标准所要求的深远变化建立了必要的框架。
However, to date, few countries have established the frameworks necessary to meet the far-reaching changes required by international human rights standards.
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来自世界各地的报告突出表明，严重侵犯人权行为和强迫性做法在所有收入水平的国家都仍然太普遍。
Reports from around the world highlight that severe human rights abuses and coercive practices are still far too common in countries of all income levels.
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例如，强制入院和强制治疗；
Examples include forced admission and forced treatment; manual, physical and chemical restraint; unsanitary living conditions; and physical and verbal abuse.
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政府的大部分精神卫生预算仍然用于精神病医院
The majority of governmentmental health budgets still goes to psychiatric hospitals
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根据世卫组织的最新估计，政府在精神卫生方面的支出不到其卫生预算的2%。
According to WHO’s latest estimates, governmentsspend less than 2% of their health budgets on mental health.
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而且，报告的精神卫生支出大部分用于精神病医院，但高收入国家除外，那里的数字约为43%。
Furthermore, the majority of reported expenditure on mental health is allocated to psychiatric hospitals, except in high-income countries where the figure is around 43%.
The new guidance, which is intended primarily for people with responsibility for organizing and managing mental health care, presents details of what is required in areas such as mental health law, policy and strategy, service delivery, financing, workforce development and civil society participation in order for mental health services to be compliant with the CRPD.
It includes examples from countries including Brazil, India, Kenya, Myanmar, New Zealand, Norway and the United Kingdom of community-basedmental health services that have demonstrated good practices in respect of non-coercive practices, community inclusion, and respect of people’s legal capacity (i.e.